<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>ADVENTURES OF AN OFFICER IN THE PUNJUB (2 vols.)</TITLE>਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ
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<p class="C1">&#65279ADVENTURES OF AN OFFICER IN THE PUNJUB (2 vols.) by Major H. M. L. Lawrence, under the pseudonym of Bellasis, published in AD 1846 by Henry Colburn, London, and reprinted in 1970 by the Languages Department, Punjab, Pa&#7789i&#257l&#257. The book which is a rambling account, half fact half fiction, of the author's adventures, provides information about the rise of the Sikhs and about the person and government of Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh. This is "a dose of history, which the reader may read or not, as he pleases" (p. 236), mixed with scandal and bazaar gossip.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䌀漀氀漀渀攀氀 䈀攀氀氀愀猀椀猀Ⰰ 愀 猀漀氀搀椀攀爀 漀昀 昀漀爀琀甀渀攀Ⰰ 攀渀琀攀爀猀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀 眀椀琀栀 愀 猀洀愀氀氀 猀甀椀琀攀Ⰰ 愀爀爀椀瘀攀猀 愀琀 䰀愀栀漀爀攀 愀渀搀 洀攀攀琀猀 琀栀攀 氀攀愀搀椀渀最 挀漀甀爀琀椀攀爀猀 漀昀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 刀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀㄀樀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 椀渀挀氀甀搀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䘀愀焀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀爀 戀爀漀琀栀攀爀猀Ⰰ ✀䄀稀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀稀 甀搀ⴀ䐀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀 愀渀搀 一☀⌀㌀㘀㌀爀 甀搀ⴀ䐀椀渀⸀ 䠀攀 眀愀猀 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀爀琀 戀礀 琀栀攀 氀愀琀琀攀爀⸀ 吀栀攀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 最愀瘀攀 栀椀洀 愀瀀瀀漀椀渀琀洀攀渀琀 愀猀㰀椀㸀猀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀戀愀栀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀昀 䬀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最☀⌀㜀㜀㜀㄀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀⸀ 䤀渀 栀椀猀 戀漀漀欀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀猀 猀漀洀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 洀攀渀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 琀栀攀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀⸀ 䘀漀爀 椀渀猀琀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 䐀栀椀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㨀∀ 愀 昀椀渀攀 氀漀漀欀椀渀最 洀愀渀Ⰰ 漀昀 愀 渀漀戀氀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 瀀漀氀椀琀攀 愀渀搀 愀昀昀愀戀氀攀Ⰰ 漀昀 眀椀渀渀椀渀最 洀愀渀渀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 洀漀搀攀猀琀 猀瀀攀攀挀栀∀ ⠀瀀⸀ ㌀㔀⤀⸀ 䬀栀甀猀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㨀 ∀愀 挀漀愀爀猀攀Ⰰ 瘀甀氀最愀爀ⴀ氀漀漀欀椀渀最 洀愀渀⸀ ⸀ ⸀ 眀愀猀 漀渀挀攀 猀攀渀琀 琀漀 愀猀猀椀猀琀 䬀甀渀眀愀爀 匀栀攀爀 匀椀渀最栀 琀栀攀 䴀愀栀愀爀愀樀愀✀猀 猀漀渀Ⰰ 椀渀 琀栀攀 最漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 䬀愀猀栀洀椀爀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀漀 爀攀挀漀瘀攀爀 椀琀猀 爀甀椀渀攀搀 昀椀渀愀渀挀攀猀⸀ ⸀ ⸀ 爀攀挀漀瘀攀爀攀搀 猀漀洀攀 爀攀渀琀猀Ⰰ 猀挀爀攀眀攀搀 愀 昀攀眀 氀愀欀栀猀 愀渀搀 琀甀爀渀攀搀 愀 猀攀愀猀漀渀 漀昀 搀攀愀爀琀栀 椀渀琀漀 漀渀攀 漀昀 洀漀猀琀 昀爀椀最栀琀昀甀氀 昀愀洀椀渀攀⸀ ⸀ ⸀ ∀ ⠀瀀⸀ ㌀㠀⤀⸀ 䬀栀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㜀㄀愀欀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㨀 ∀琀栀攀 攀氀搀攀猀琀 嬀漀昀 琀栀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 瀀爀椀渀挀攀猀崀 椀猀 愀渀 椀洀戀攀挀椀氀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀昀昀攀挀琀猀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀爀攀氀椀最椀攀甀砀㰀⼀椀㸀∀ ⠀瀀⸀ 㔀㌀⤀⸀ 䄀瘀椀琀愀戀椀氀攀㨀 ∀愀 眀椀氀搀 戀甀氀氀 椀渀 愀 渀攀琀Ⰰ ∀ 栀攀 ∀愀挀琀猀 愀猀 愀 猀愀瘀愀最攀 愀洀漀渀最 猀愀瘀愀最攀 洀攀渀∀ ⠀瀀⸀ 㐀㌀⤀⸀ 吀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 搀爀愀眀猀 渀甀洀攀爀漀甀猀 瀀攀渀 瀀漀爀琀爀愀椀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 愀猀 眀攀氀氀 㨀 ∀伀昀 洀攀愀渀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 漀渀攀 攀礀攀搀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀洀愀氀氀 漀昀 猀琀愀琀甀爀攀⸀ ⸀ ⸀ 圀栀漀氀氀礀 椀氀氀椀琀攀爀愀琀攀 戀甀琀 最椀昀琀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 最爀攀愀琀 渀愀琀甀爀愀氀 椀渀琀攀氀氀椀最攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 眀漀渀搀攀爀昀甀氀氀礀 焀甀椀挀欀 愀瀀瀀爀攀栀攀渀猀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 爀攀琀攀渀琀椀瘀攀 洀攀洀漀爀礀Ⰰ 栀攀 洀愀渀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 戀攀琀琀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀漀猀攀 洀漀爀攀 氀攀愀爀渀攀搀Ⰰ 琀漀 琀爀愀渀猀愀挀琀 琀栀攀 挀甀爀爀攀渀琀 戀甀猀椀渀攀猀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 欀椀渀最搀漀洀∀ ⠀瀀⸀ ㈀㤀⤀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Referring to the revenue and the judicial administration of the Kingdom, the author observes that the whole country was farmed out, two-fifths of the produce being taken by the State. The revenue-farmer was also judge, magistrate and often customs master, within his area of jurisdiction. Ad&#257lat, court, was another rich source of revenue, fine being the punishment awarded in almost every case (p. 51). Customs brought a revenue of 24, 00, 000 rupees to the treasury, Amritsar alone yielding 9, 00, 000.</p>਍㰀⼀漀氀㸀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀伀一吀∀㸀䈀⸀ 䨀⸀ 䠀愀猀爀愀琀㰀戀爀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀挀漀甀渀琀攀爀⸀愀猀瀀砀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 愀氀琀㴀∀∀㸀ഀഀ
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